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Troll Satellite Station ((ノルウェー語:Troll satelittstasjon)), commonly abbreviated TrollSat, is a satellite ground station located at Troll in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. The earth station is owned by Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT), a joint venture between the Kongsberg Group and the Norwegian Space Center. The radomes are located on top of Jutulsessen, a nunatak area next to the research station at Troll. The research station is operated by the Norwegian Polar Institute, which also maintains the earth station. TrollSat started operations on 1 March 2007 and was officially opened on 20 January 2008. The earth station serves low Earth orbit satellites and consists of a antenna capable of S band and X band reception. Information is relayed using a and a C band uplink. Operations control is carried out by KSAT in Tromsø, Norway. Satellites using TrollSat include Radarsat, GeoEye, WorldView and Galileo. The system is coordinated with Svalbard Satellite Station (SvalSat) in Longyearbyen, Norway, which combined offer downloading twice per orbit. ==History== Troll was established as a research station by the Norwegian Polar Institute in 1990.〔Kyvik (2008): 153〕 The station took its name from the surrounding jagged mountains, which resemble trolls of Norse mythology.〔Rubin (2008): 305〕 Already at this time, there were proposals by the Norwegian Space Centre to establish an earth station at Troll, but the lack of all-year activity stranded the plans.〔Wormdal (2011): 109〕 Instead, SvalSat was established to serve as an earth station for NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS).〔Wormdal (2011): 38〕 Longyearbyen was selected because of its high latitude, which allows all satellites with an orbit above to use only a single ground station—yet download from every orbit.〔Wormdal (2011): 40〕 The Svalbard facility opened on 15 April 1999〔Wormdal (2011): 41〕 and was originally owned by the Norwegian Space Centre. Kongsberg Satellite Services was established in 2002 to jointly operate SvalSat and Tromsø Satellite Station (TSS). In 2003, Norwegian authorities decided to extend its operations in Antarctica by establishing an all-year research station. By then, Norway was the only country with a territorial claim to Antarctica to not have an all-year research station on the continent.〔 Construction was carried out from December 2004 through February 2005.〔Kyvik (2008): 154〕 To ease logistics, Norway took the initiative to establish Dronning Maud Land Air Network (DROMLAN), a cooperation between the countries with bases in Queen Maud Land to streamline transport costs. The permanent Troll Airfield was opened on 11 February 2005.〔 The basis for TrollSat was an agreement signed in 2006 between the Norwegian Polar Institute, the Norwegian Space Centre and Kongsberg Satellite Services. It specified that the Space Centre would install a Kongsberg-built radome, while the Polar Institute would provide power and undertake maintenance. In exchange, they could freely use the earth station for their own transmission needs. The commercial activities would be carried out by Kongsberg Satellite Services. A concern was raised regarding if satellite downloading would violate the Antarctic Treaty, but the Ministry of Foreign Affairs negated.〔Wormdal (2011): 110〕 The station started operations on 1 March 2007 and was officially opened by Prime Minister of Norway, Jens Stoltenberg. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Troll Satellite Station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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